The Mughal Empire
Hello viewers! I am overwhelemed to have you all. In these series of blogs, I am going to give you all information about one of the most important Empire that had ruled India for Centuries. Even though they are not Hindu by origin, but still they were loved and admired by many. Can you all guess it ? Yup, many of you got the correct answer, Its none other than the Empire that plays an important role in building our nation- “The Mughal Empire”.
Introduction
Ruling a large territory as the Indian Subcontinent
with such a diversity of people was an extremely difficult task for any ruler
to achieve in the Medieval age, The Mughals had proved it wronged. Not only did
they establish their empire, but they had also ruled over the country for
centuries.
Between the middle of the 1500s and the beginning of
the 1700s, the Mughal Empire ruled over almost the entire Indian subcontinent.
It extended from the northern Afghanistan, Kashmir, and Indus River Basin
boundaries in the north to the highlands that are now Assam and Bangladesh in
the east, down to the Deccan Plateau uplands in the south.
For nearly one hundred and seventy years (1556–1719)
the Mughal empire remained a dynamic, centralized, complex organization. The
emperor commanded corps of officials and soldiers of proven loyalty who carried
out their orders in every province. Men, money, information, and resources
moved regularly and routinely throughout the empire as official needs dictated.
Mughal success was the product of hard-driving, active rulership exercised by
extremely capable rulers who acted as their own chief executives.
Who are The Mughals?
The Mughals were the descendants of two great lineages of rulers. From mother’s side they were the descendants of Genghis Khan, the Mongol ruler. From their Father’s side they were the Successors of Timur, the ruler of Iran, Iraq and Turkey.
The Rulers of The Mughal Empire
·
One of the biggest empires
that ruled over India for a considerable amount of time around 300 years, from
1526 to 1857 was the Mughal Empire. The Mughal Empire’s first ruler was Babur.
On April 20, 1526, Babur established his kingdom after defeating Ibrahim Lodi
in the first battle of Panipat (1526).
·
Babar ruled until 1530, and was succeeded
by his son Humayun, who gave the empire its first distinctive features. But it
is Humayun’s son, Akbar the Great, who is conventionally described as the glory
of the empire.
Akbar reigned from 1556 to 1605, and extended his empire as far to the west as Afghanistan, and as far south as the Godavari River. Akbar, though a Muslim, is remembered as a tolerant ruler, and he even started a new faith, Din-i-Ilahi, which was an attempt to blend Islam with Hinduism, Christianity, Jainism, and other faiths. He won over the Hindus by naming them to important military and civil positions, by conferring honors upon them, and by marrying a Hindu princess.
·
Akbar was succeeded by his son Salim, who
took the title of Jahangir. In his reign
(1605-1627), Jahangir consolidated the gains made by his father. The courtly
culture of the Mughals flourished under his rule; Mughal painting probably reached its zenith in Jahangir’s
time.
·
Jahangir was
succeeded by his son Shah Jahan, succeeded to the throne. He inherited a vast
and rich empire; and at mid-century this was perhaps the greatest empire in the
world, exhibiting a degree of centralized control rarely matched before. Shah
Jahan left behind an extraordinarily rich architectural legacy, which includes
the Taj Mahal and the old city of Delhi, Shahjahanabad.
·
After the
death of Shah Jahan, a war of succession broke out between his four sons.
·
Apparently,
Aurangzeb who triumphed, and though the Mughal Empire saw yet further expansion
in the early years of his long reign (1658-1707), by the later part of the
seventeenth century the empire was beginning to disintegrate.
- The last Emperor of The Mughal was Bahadur Shah II.
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